Why don't male mammals lactate?

Male lactation: why, why not and is it care?

Mammals are characterised by their ability to provision offspring with milk, but lactation is normally restricted to females. Why do most males not share this trait? The morphological and physiological modifications necessary for male lactation are possible and, although restrictive, the ecological factors that could select for male lactation seem common enough. Until quite recently, there was ...

The physiology of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): heart rate, metabolic rate and plasma lactate concentration during exercise.

Despite speculation about the swimming efficiency of cetaceans, few studies have investigated the exercise physiology of these mammals. In view of this, we examined the physiological responses and locomotor energetics of two exercising adult Tursiops truncatus. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, respiratory rate and post-exercise blood lactate concentration were determined for animals either pushi...

Sexual Arousal and Response

■ One Advantage of Being Homo sapiens Unlike other mammals, human females are continuously responsive to and available for sexual activity, independent of ovulation. ■ Biological Foundations for Sexual Arousal and Response The brain and central nervous system, including the five senses, play roles of varying importance in human sexual arousal and response. ■ The Sexual Response Cycle There are ...

Some Remarks on Interviewing Experience and Types of Ufo Cases Encountered

SCOPE AND BACKGROUND OF PRESENT COMMENTS:........................................................................................ 2 THE UNCONVENTIONAL NATURE OF THE UFO PROBLEM:................................................................................ 3 SOME ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESES:................................................................................................................

Don't mention it: Why people don't share job information, when they do, and why it matters